CHAPTER 13 PHOTOSYNTHESIS 1. Introduction Nearly all of the members (with some exceptions) categorized under the kingdom Plantae are autotrophic in nature. Being autotrophic gives the plants the ability to synthesize their own food for their own nutrition and well being as well as providing a source of nutrition for heterotrophic organisms which are incapable of synthesizing their own food and hence are dependent on autotrophs. Plants fix gaseous carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water transported from the roots in order to synthesize their food in the form of complex, organic substances, majorly sugars and starches while releasing free, gaseous oxygen which returns to the environment and is used by other organisms apart from the plant itself during the respiration process. This process,which requires the presence of electromagnetic radiations (light) or solar energy (sun light) is termed as Photosynthesis. The light is captured by specialized organs in
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